Loose-leaf book.



W. H. EDWARDS.

LOOSE LEAF BOOK.

. APPLICATION FILED JULY 9. I915. y 1,270,7-1 3. Patented June 2;), 1918.

2 HEETS-SHEET l.

wi/lmeom' I 1 57 4 320mm,

Gum/a W. H. EDWARDS.

LOOSE LEAF BOOK.

APPLICATION man JULY 9.19m.

Patented June 25, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N W m m Wwmom WILLIAM HOWARD EDWARDS, F GRAND RAPIDS. MICHIGAN.

LOOSE-LEAF .BooK.

1,270,713. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 25, 1918 a d Application filed July9, 1915. Serial No. 38,887.

To all whom it may concern:

.tBe it known that I, WILLIAM HOWARD Enwanos, acitizen of the United States, residing at Grand Rapids, in the county of Kent and State of Michigan, have invented new and useful Improvements in Loose- Leaf "Books, of which the following is a I specification.

@This invention relates to loose leaf books and consists in certain improvements in the construction thereof as will be hereinafter fully described and pointed out in the claims.

With leaves for loose leaf books it is desirable to have the hinge portion softened so that the paper will makea more abrupt turnat the hinge and thus permit the leaf as a whole inthe bookto lie more fiat. It is 'alsodesirable to provide a portion of the leaf with a swell so as tobetter secure the leavesin the book and to assist-in the co operation of the parts forming the book. The'object of this invention is to improve loose leaf books and leaves therefor as to these features. Otherobjects of the invention will'appear from thespecification and claims.

Theinvention is illustrated inthe accompanying drawings as follows Figure 1 shows a plan view of a leaf.

Fig; 2 an end view of a leaf showing the creases, the first step in softening the hinge portion. 7

Fig.3 an end view showing the creases reversed, the" second step in softening the hingeportion'. r

Fig. 4: anend view withthe softened'portions ironed out and the leaf provided with corrugations forming a swell.

Fig. 5 a section on the line 55 in Fig. 6.

Fig. 6 a transverse section through one of the binding elements on the line 6-6 in Fig. 5-, the book being closed.

"Fig. "7 a section similar to the section shown in Fig. 6, the book being open.

1" marks the leaf. This'has. along the hinge portion parallel strips or ribbons 2 and?) which are softened with an interven ing portion 45 ofsolid paper. 1

In forming the softened portions I first crease the paper lengthwise 'ofthe grain of the paper, such creases being parallel and alternating so as to form a corrugation. The end View of the paper as it comes from the first creasing is shown in Fig. 2, the creases being marked 3? 1-. then reverse these creases preferably in the same machineand by a successive pair of rolls-so that the creases will take the form showniin Fig. 3." It will .be observed that thepaperalong each crease will have been bent in opposite directions thus thoroughly softening the as the other part of the leaf but the softened portions bend very much more readily.

in forming the softened portions atintervals with an intervening portion of; solid paper as 4, the leavestake a sharp ibend or bends in the book and thus more completely assume the desired flat position in the'book when open. The curve is sharpecl inflthe softened portions butless sharpin the intervening portion 4 so that there is an irregular curve formed whenthe book is open. This gives to the leaf a flatter face than Where there is a uniform curve or one formed by uniform resistance to flexurei The interposing of the solid portions also facilitates the creasing and ironing actions in that these intervening portions assist in holding the leaf 'in shape during these op erations and also prevents a tendency ito wrinkle in the softened portion, this"tendency being present where an unbroken wide softened strip is used. a v

The creasing not only breaks but stretches the paper and better results are accomplished formed by a series of corrugations or creases.

r 50 movedaou of cregister to the front of a line -V leaf body. In the actual book as closed or covers and 7 the leaf holding bands. These 7 are; preferably" s'teel s'pring's andfop'erate in With the corrugations nested and the crests in register there is a slight swelling of the open these corrugations or creasesare slightly out OfPregister: thus making-[a materialQin-q oreasein thethickness of the. book in these portions. 7

leaf book in which the leaves as shown in Figs. 1 to 4 are used. In these 6 marks the the general manner of the st'eel springs dehaving can edge 9 extending beyond the strips 8 forming what is commonly called anlextension edge, the result being tohave scribed in the patents issued to William Broudfie'a enosreie and;1#]z,037,3=15; .r'rhe springsiare-tretained: in-ithe inner face of the 7 covers 6-,f'wbeingtiheld by strips- 8',- thecovers 7 the'steely springs leave the coverspn their innerfacesslightly= away? from the edges of 'the" cove1 's;- ;A spring back 10 isprovided 'beingghinged ai'iill 'tO theficOvelS. l 25 a the steel springsiform'arches when the, book In'tth'e' aol'peration iofv'books thus formed,

' carries the eorruga-tionsinthe=leaves slightly edges of the leaves are'fann'ed out as clearly shown; ig:-:6 and this-results in a better out";ofw-register-thus :rnaking the'leaf body slightl y;thicker-.1 1The-result is} that the rear securing ofoftheleaves and a tendency to e bodyzalso has a tendency to operate against the binding; edges'tomore certainly hold they make a more even and extended arch of the street bands. :Thisw thickenin of 1 :the leaf GQVBfS-flll elosedposition because the thicker 7 portion ofr-tl ie leafqb'ody operating on the extension edges is'tothe r'eanof the; point jwhere-igthe ,springs leave the face of the 7 cojvers" and the efl ect is to-spread the exten:

sitin -edges and swing the forward portions of theeicoversrtoward each other. When the book; is open these; swelled portions are also between thev edges and" this increases the thiclmess' -atthis pointan'dtends to compensate-forrthe;straighteningout of the arch and thus aSSiStSF'iiR holding the l'eaves-jin place: it i also, ,tends ito thrust the opening in point of thezlea-f bod-y upward so that the leaf' bodyextending from the opening, porti'oniasishowniin Fig-7 'liesmore flat.

zWhat I claim aSIlBW -is:'' V 1. leafforiloose leaf books having. the hinge portions softened by creasing with a plurality of; alternating creasings lengthwise of the grainof the paper-and parallel tothe hinge 1 edge which creases" have been reversed.

2; A leaf for loose leaf books havingfthe '7 hinge portions softenedby creasing witha plurality of alternating creasings length wise ofthe grain ofthe paper and parallel to fthe hinge edge which crease shave been reversedandflattened-Q v 3fIn a loose leaf book the combination of -covers res'il-ientlea-f holding elements extending between the cove'rs; and a loose leaf body, the leaves of which have protu-.

berances adjacent to the leaf holding elein alinement perpendicularly to the faces of the leaves, and movingintowand out of regis'i tar: as:- the; 163 f .liolding "elements 7 are flexed 'inents', said protuberances beingnested and in-register when-the edges of the leaves: are

in" the; op erationi of: ithe booky producing increased-thickness "in theileaf body.

4. In loose leafbook, the oombinationof a r covers; resilient V-leaf (holding elenients ex tending. between the covers ;'anda leaf body carried by the book, the leaves of WhiOllElIEL'YE protuberanceswhich".are nested-and in reg-' istert wl'ien zthe' edges of thew'leaves T are in ali nenient perpendicularlytothe faeesof the leaves; said leaf holding; elements being idea flected upwardly with the book open andf l moving, the rfrontf' and "rear edges 40f the leaves: out-of alinernent and; the protuberances outof register; 1 I v 1 5 a loose' leaf book; the: combination I of V covers; resilient; leaf-5 holding elements ex tendingb'etween tlie scovers; andaxleaf body; 7 i

carriedby thebook; the leaves of which have V is'ter when-'the-edges-of} the; leaves are in p protuberance's? whiolrare nested a-nd in reg;

alinement; ;-p,erpendicularly; to; the. faces; of therleaNSySaid :lea f ;-holding 7 elements forminga rearward-- arch} with the book closed and movingjthe front and rear-edgesof the leaves out of alinement and the protuberances outofTegistera e 6.. In a looselljeaf book, the; cornbination .of covers ;;leaf ho'ldingspringsextending be tween" the cover-sand adapted-to extend to thefr arz th .-b n ing edge ao h c e s when the covers are closed; and a leaf body having a' swell a djacent .toand infrontjof said springs said swell extendingto the rear of. the edges of-the covers withifthebook closed and, forming?- I an, increased; thickness 'iis' oflthe leafv -bodyrto the rear of the edges of I;

thecovers. V A a 7.: lZFna loose leaf book, the combination of covers; leafholding-springs extending between the covers and ada-pted to: arch to the rear of the edges of -the covers with: the

bookclosed and-tooppositely archwith'the book open; and a-ileaf bodyfthe" leaves vof which havea swell adjacent to 'and in front V of said springs said sw'ell being carriediinto an; arched position to the rear whenthe book 1s closed and in theoppositedirection with the 'book open.

j SrjIn a; loose .leafi eonibination.

of covers; resilient leaf holding elements we In testimony whereof I have hereunto set tending between the covers and adapted to my hand in the presence of two subscribing be deflected upwardly as the book is opened; witnesses.

and a leaf body, the leaves of which have a WILLIAM HOWARD EDWARDS.

5 swell adjacent to and in front of said ele- Witnesses:

ments and strips along the hinge portion and W. ALLEN BUCK, in front of the swell softened. FLOYD MARSHALL TOMPKINS.

Gopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

, Washington, D. O. 

